The method of making cuts depends on the thickness of the cut shoots or branches, from the location of the nearest bud or side branch, the quality of the wood and the size of the wound.
Young and thin shoots are usually cut above the bud, from which the new shoot is predicted to grow. Leaving such a bud on a certain side, usually outside, makes it possible to direct the arrangement of branches and later branches. Cutting hard shoots, not having a large core, it is performed close to the bud, shoots with a large core - slightly higher, which prevents the end of the shoot and the bud from drying out.
The cuts are usually made perpendicular to the axis of the cut shoot, which gives the smallest wound area. When cutting forks of thicker branches or side branches, keep the cutting direction oblique, similar with its plane to the axis of the left branch or trunk. This results in larger ellipsoidal wounds. This way of cutting, however, justifies it, that the farther the cut plane is from the sieve-vascular bundles, which the products of assimilation flow down, the more difficult it is to heal a wound. Healing a wound is primarily the formation and deposition of healing tissue on its surface, that is, callus. The formation of this tissue on a wound plane that is too far away is usually weaker, sometimes it does not occur at all. But on the edges of wounds, whose plane is closest and most parallel to the left trunk, the formation of the healing tissue is always much more intense. Such wounds usually have a larger surface area, and yet they overgrow faster.
On the circumference of the wound, healing tissue is slowly formed in the lower part and in the upper part, which proves the remoteness of these places from the flow routes of the assimilation products. Therefore, the wound surface should be shaped like this, to bring its shores closer to these routes. The result is a more elongated wound surface, but the build-up of healing tissue around its edges is more intense and even. Forming such a wound shape is easy, because it requires cutting the bark with a sharp knife and removing it. It may be difficult to remove the rest of the wood protruding above this plane in the places where the side branches are cut off with a chisel..