Trees with dwarf inserts can be produced in two ways. The traditional method involves budding twice in two consecutive years. In the first year, on well-developed seedlings of Antonówka or A. 2 the eyes of the dwarf rootstock B are inoculated 9, P 2 the P 22. In the spring of the following year, a dwarf rootstock maiden grows out of the pond, on which in August at an altitude of approx 30 cm from the first point of budding, a cultivar eyelet is set up. One shoot is developed from the eyelets or the scions grafted in spring – maiden cultivar. The method of producing trees with inserts, recommended so far in nurseries, is simple and easy to perform. Its serious disadvantage is the long production cycle, which lasts three years.
In years 1974-1978 research was carried out at the Institute of Pomology on shortening the tree production cycle to two years. For this purpose, the rootstocks of Antonówka seedlings are grafted in the hand with 2-3-eye scions of dwarf rootstocks.. In early spring, the grafted rootstocks are planted in the nursery on fertile and very well-prepared soil. Under conditions of careful care, the shoots growing out of the scion are suitable for inoculation or inoculation in spring. In the following year, the cultivars of the cultivars grow from the accepted eyes or the grafted scions, which by autumn reach the size of one-year-old trees.
Thanks to winter grafting in hand, the production cycle of trees with inserts is shortened to two years.
In order to obtain the highest possible share of straight-trunk apple trees, it is necessary to tie the crookedly growing maiden trees to the stakes or pins made of thick wire next to them.. If proper care is followed, the yield of trees with inserts is 80-90%, and the share of 1st choice trees is relatively large (about 70%).